Karate Terminology



Counting in Japanese

number Japanese pronunciation
one ichi ee-chee
two ni nee
three san sahn
four shi shee
five go goh
six roku roh-koo
seven shichi shee-chee
eight hachi hah-chi
nine ku koo
ten ju joo



SKA Ranking System

ranks white belts brown belt black belt
lowest 8th kyu hachikyu 3rd kyu sankyu 1st dan shodan
  7th kyu shichikyu 2nd kyu nikyu 2nd dan nidan
  6th kyu rokkyu 1st kyu ikkyu 3rd dan sandan
  5th kyu gokyu   4th dan yodan
highest 4th kyu yonkyu   5th dan godan



General Terms

meditate mokuso
bow rei
ready yoi
assume stance kameate
begin hajime
turn kaette
stop yame
at ease yasume
basics kihon
sparring kumite
forms kata



Basics

front stance zenkutsu-dachi
back stance kokutsu-dachi
horse stance kibadachi
lunge punch oizuki
reverse punch gyakuzuki
jab maete
down block gedan-barai
hammer block tetsui-uke
inside block ude-uke
rising block age-uke
knife-hand block shuto-uke
elbow strike enpi
backfist uraken
front kick maegeri
side-up kick yokogeri-keage
side-thrust kick yokogeri-kokomi
stomping kick fumikomi
round kick mawashi-geri
crescent kick mikazuki-geri



Sparring

one attack, basic ippon gumite
one attack jiyu-ippon gumite
three attacks sanbon gumite
freestyle jiyu kumite
upper level (chin) jodan
middle level (chest) chudan
lower level (belt) gedan
ma distance between opponents



Kata

ten no kata omote kata of the universe
taikyoku shodan first cause one
taikyoku nidan first cause two
taikyoku nidan first cause three
heian shodan peaceful mind one
heian nidan peaceful mind two
heian sandan peaceful mind three
heian yodan peaceful mind four
heian godan peaceful mind five
bassai to penetrate a fortress
kwanku to look at the sky
tekki shodan armed warrior riding horse one
tekki nidan armed warrior riding horse two
tekki sandan armed warrior riding horse three
hangetsu half moon
jutte ten hands
empi flying swallow
gankaku crane on a rock
jion a Buddhist saint
or temple